![]() ![]() The comprehension’s bytecode is contained within an individual code object. Instead, all comprehensions are now compiled directly within the context of the current function. Dictionary, list, and set comprehensions no longer rely on functions in the background. However, the implementation has been changed. This process incurred some overhead because it required the creation of a function object and the establishment of a stack frame when the function was called. Essentially, the contents of comprehension were compiled into a separate function, which was then instantiated and immediately executed. In the past, dictionary, list, and set comprehensions were defined using a mechanism that involved creating functions. Now, in Python 3.12 PEP 709 Comprehension Inlining Previously, we used TypeAlias from the typing module. Use the type keyword to define your own aliases. Now, in Python 3.12, it is not necessary: In Python 3.12, this has become much simpler. It is primarily used to indicate that a particular type can be of any type, providing flexibility and generic type annotations in Python. TypeVar is a feature of the Python type hinting system that allows you to create a placeholder for a type that will be specified later when a function or class is used. Previously, we used to define generics using TypeVar syntax. This addition aims to empower type checkers to proactively identify and prevent a specific category of errors arising when a base class modifies methods inherited by its derived classes. In this PEP, the suggestion is to introduce an decorator to Python’s type system. Improvements in Type Annotations PEP 698 Override Decorator These enhancements collectively contribute to a significantly improved coding experience in Python. Lastly, when you encounter an import error and receive an exception while trying to import something from a module, Python 3.12 automatically suggests potential corrections. In the past, the check was limited to the built-ins, but it now includes support for the standard library. If you use P圜harm, you probably won’t see much of a change, since the IDE handled such errors and provided a quick-fix suggestion even before running a script. ' instead?Īdditionally, Python 3.12’s error messages are more astute in recognizing instances where you reference an object’s attribute but don’t include the self prefix. ![]() For example, the error message explicitly recommends the correct approach. Import from syntax error “did you mean”Īnother notable improvement is the increased intelligence of error messages when dealing with common developer mistakes. ![]()
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